About Georgia

Georgia, a country at the intersection of Europe and Asia, is a former Soviet republic that’s home to Caucasus Mountain villages and Black Sea beaches. It’s famous for Vardzia, a sprawling cave monastery dating to the 12th century, and the ancient wine-growing region Kakheti. The capital Tbilisi is known for the diverse architecture and mazelike, cobblestone streets of its old town.

After the Russian Revolution in 1917, Georgia emerged as an independent republic] under German protectorate. Following World War I, Georgia was invaded and incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1922. By the 1980s, an independence movement was established and grew, leading to Georgia's secession from the Soviet Union in April 1991. For most of the subsequent decade, post-Soviet Georgia suffered from economic crisis, civil and secessionist wars in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Following the bloodless Rose Revolution in 2003, Georgia strongly pursued a pro-Western foreign policy; it introduced a series of democratic and economic reforms aimed at NATO and integration into the European Union. The country's Western orientation soon led to the worsening of relations with Russia, at one point even resulting in a brief war.Georgia is a developing country classified as "very high" on the Human Development Index.

Georgia is a developing country classified as "very high" on the Human Development Index. The country is a member of international organizations across both Europe and Asia, such as the Council of Europe, the Asian Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Euro control, OSCE, and the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development. Georgia is mostly situated in the South Caucasus, while parts of the country are also located in the North Caucasus. It is a very mountainous country. The Likhi Range divides the country into eastern and western halves.Historically, the western portion of Georgia was known as Colchis while the eastern plateau was called Iberia. The Greater Caucasus Mountain Range forms the northern border of Georgia.The main roads through the mountain range into Russian territory lead through the Roki Tunnel between ShidaKartli and North Ossetia and the Darial Gorge (in the Georgian region of Khevi). The Roki Tunnel was vital for the Russian military in the 2008 Russo-Georgian War because it is the only direct route through the Caucasus Mountains. The southern portion of the country is bounded by the Lesser Caucasus Mountains.The Greater Caucasus Mountain Range is much higher in elevation than the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, with the highest peaks rising more than 5,000 meters (16,404 ft) above sea level. The 1989 census recorded 341,000 ethnic Russians, or 6.3 percent of the population,52,000 Ukrainians and 100,000 Greeks in Georgia. Since 1990, 1.5 million Georgian nationals have left. At least 1 million emigrants from Georgia legally or illegally reside in Russia. Georgia has nonetheless been inhabited by immigrants from all over the world throughout its independence. According to 2014 statistics, Georgia gets most of its immigrants from Russia (51.6%), Greece (8.3%), Ukraine (8.11%), Germany (4.3%), and Armenia (3.8%). In the early 1990s, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, violent separatist conflicts broke out in the autonomous region of Abkhazia and Tskhinvali Region. Many Ossetians living in Georgia left the country, mainly to Russia's North Ossetia. On the other hand, more than 150,000 Georgians left Abkhazia after the breakout of hostilities in 1993.Of the Meskhetian Turks who were forcibly relocated in 1944 only a tiny fraction returned to Georgia as of 2008. The most widespread language group is the Kartvelian family, which includes Georgian, Svan, Mingrelian and Laz. The official languages of Georgia are Georgian, with Abkhaz having official status within the autonomous region of Abkhazia. Georgian is the primary language of 87.7 percent of the population, followed by 6.2 percent speaking Azerbaijani, 3.9 percent Armenian, 1.2 percent Russian, and 1 percent other languages. In the 2010, the United States federal government began the Teach and Learn English with Georgia program of promoting English literacy in elementary school. The goal was to import English speakers from across the world to ensure that all children in Georgia spoke English in four years and replace Russian as a second language.

Country: Georgia
Capital: Tbilisi
Largest city: Tbilisi
Currency: Georgian Lari
Official Language: Georgian
Continent: Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region, bounded to the west by the Black Sea.
Religion: Many Georgians are members of the Georgian Orthodox Church, an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church. In addition, there are Muslim, Russian Orthodox, Armenian Apostolic, Catholic, and Jewish communities. Georgia: Religious affiliation Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
Weather: Summer +25 Degree, winter +10 Degree
Population: 3, 714, 0003
Total area: (sq. km): 793
Government: The state government of Georgia is the U.S. state governmental body established by the Georgia State Constitution. It is a republican form of government with three branches: the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
Neighbouring countries:Situated at the juncture of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the east by Azerbaijan.